Withania somnifera: a promising neuroprotective ally against Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Withania somnifera, or Ashwagandha, shows promise as a neuroprotective agent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline. Bioactive compounds in Ashwagandha, particularly withanolides, exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amyloidogenic properties, positioning it as a potential therapeutic for AD. These compounds target key AD pathologies by modulating amyloid-beta plaque formation and reducing oxidative stress. Preclinical studies reveal that Ashwagandha extracts enhance cognitive function, inhibit amyloid-beta aggregation, and decrease neuroinflammation, potentially slowing AD progression. Furthermore, its neurorestorative effects, such as promoting neuronal regeneration and improving synaptic plasticity, contribute to cognitive health. Animal studies demonstrate improved cognitive and behavioural outcomes following Ashwagandha administration, while in vitro research corroborates its role in minimizing neurotoxicity. Although clinical studies are sparse, Ashwagandha’s multi-targeted approach makes it a promising candidate for AD management.

Keywords: withinia somnifera, neuroprotective, medicinal plant, Alzheimer’s disease